It becomes clear, after the study of ancient Indian holy books, that in Indian culture, importance has been given to environment conservation from ancient time. It has been considered that for man’s existence, natural atmosphere is essential. In Indian culture, nature is said to be the mother. The earth, as a mother, brings up all the living beings of the whole planet. Thus, her conservation is our moral duty. Indian society from ancient time, has been playing the role of conservator. Vedas, Puranas, Upanishads and other religious books describe the social importance of animals and connect them to ecology.

In Rigveda, water and air are worshipped as god. Our saints and hermits, describing the importance of forests and trees, tell about their conservation. How important are the trees and wild animals for us, this knowledge is put before us by learned men in Rigveda. For example, they clarified which plants are medically important. Attempts have been made to conserve trees by connecting them with religious beliefs. Tree worship has special importance in Indian culture and religious rituals. Pipal is worshiped for ‘Atal suhag’.

In food, tulsi is considered pious. It is the best medicine in several diseases. Bilva tree is associated with God Shankar ji. Dhaak, Paiash, Dhurva and Kush are associated with navgrah. Along with plants, importance is given for the conservation of land and river. In vedic period, the rivers were revered as divine. It is the effect of Indian culture that to make Ganga pollution free, a separate ministry is formed at present. In Yajurveda, gods like Indra, sun, river, mountain, sky, dawn, and water God Varuna are revered.