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How will you concentrate H_2O_2 ? Show differences between structures of H_2O_2 and H_2O_2 by drawing their spatial structures. Also mention three important uses of H_2O_2 |
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Answer» Solution :Industrially method : Industrially it is prepared by the auto-oxidation of 2-alklylanthraquinols. (2-ethyl anthraquinol) `underset(H_2//Pd)undersetlarr overset(O_2"(air)")to H_2O_2` + (Oxidised product.) In this case 1% `H_2O_2` is formed. It is extracted with water and concentrated to ~30% (by mass) by distillation under reduced pressure. It can be further concentrated to ~85% by careful distillation under low pressure. The remaining water can be frozen out to obtain pure `H_2O_2`.  (a) Bent SHAPE of `H_2O`. (b) Dipole moment containing structure of `H_2O` (c) Hybridisation containing structure of `H_2O` Importance of `H_2O_2` : (i) In DAILY life it is used as a hair bleach and as a mild disinfectant. As an ANTISEPTIC it is sold in the market as perhydrol. (ii) It is used to manufacture CHEMICALS like sodium perborate and per-carbonate, which are used in high quality detergents. (iii) It is used in the synthesis of HYDROQUINONE, tartaric acid and certain food products and pharmaceuticals etc. (iv) It is employed in the industries as a bleaching agent for textiles, paper pulp, leather, oils, fats etc. (v) Nowadays it is also used in Environmental (Green) Chemistry. For example, pollution control treatment of domestic and industrial effluents, oxidation of cyanides, restoration of aerobic conditions to sewage wastes, etc. |
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