(i) On what basis are enzymes classified ? (ii) List any four classes

1.	(i) On what basis are enzymes classified ? (ii) List any four classes of enzymes and mention their functions ?
Answer» Enzymes are classified according to their function and type of reaction in which they are taking part. Four main classes of enzymes are : (i) Oxidoreductases : These enzymes catalyze oxidation and reduction reactions, usually involving the transfer of hydrogen from one molecule to another. S reduced + S’ oxidized ------S oxidized + S’ reduced (ii) Transferases : These enzymes transfer a chemical group from one substrate to another but never hydrogen e.g. phosphotransferase catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from one molecule to another. (iii) Hydrolases : These enzymes carry out hydrolysis reactions i.e., breakdown of large molecules by addition of water e.g. lipases breakdown lipids into fatty acids and glycerol. (iv) Ligase or synthetase : These enzymes form bonds to join two molecules together, using energy supplied from the breakdown of ATP e.g. DNA ligase is used to repair breaks in DNA molecules.

(i) On what basis are enzymes classified ? (ii) List any four classes of enzymes and mention their functions ?

Answer»

Enzymes are classified according to their function and type of reaction in which they are taking part.

Four main classes of enzymes are :

(i) Oxidoreductases : These enzymes catalyze oxidation and reduction reactions, usually involving the transfer of hydrogen from one molecule to another.

S reduced + S’ oxidized ------S oxidized + S’ reduced

(ii) Transferases : These enzymes transfer a chemical group from one substrate to another but never hydrogen e.g. phosphotransferase catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from one molecule to another.

(iii) Hydrolases : These enzymes carry out hydrolysis reactions i.e., breakdown of large molecules by addition of water e.g. lipases breakdown lipids into fatty acids and glycerol.

(iv) Ligase or synthetase : These enzymes form bonds to join two molecules together, using energy supplied from the breakdown of ATP e.g. DNA ligase is used to repair breaks in DNA molecules.

(i) On what basis are enzymes classified ? (ii) List any four classes of enzymes and mention their functions ?

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