Biodiversityrefers to thevarietyandvariabilityoflife on Earth. Biodiversity is typically a measure of variation at thegenetic,species, andecosystemlevel.[1]Terrestrial biodiversity is usually greater near theequator,[2]which is the result of the warmclimateand highprimary productivity.[3]Biodiversity is not distributed evenly onEarth, and is richest in the tropics. These tropical forest ecosystems cover less than 10 percent of earth's surface, and contain about 90 percent of the world's species.[4]Marine biodiversityis usually highest along coasts in the WesternPacific, wheresea surface temperatureis highest, and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans. There arelatitudinal gradients in species diversity.[5]Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots,[6]and has been increasing through time,[7][8]but will be likely to slow in the future.[9]

(i) 1.biodiversity is the variability among living organisms from all sources including Terrestrial Marine and other aquatic ecosystem and the ecological complexes of which they are part this includes diversity within species between species and of ecosystem .2. biodiversity is important for the human life because if biodiversity loose and Ecosystem change can increase the risk of emergency or spread of infectious diseases in animals plants and humans including economic important livestock diseases outbreak and global pandemics