1.

(i) Which type of epithelium forms epidermis of the skin in land vertebrates ? (ii) What is the function of its horny layers ? How such horny layers develop ?

Answer» (i) Keratizined stratified squamous epithlium.
(ii) Its horny layers prevent loss of water and mechanical injury.
In the outer few layers of stratified squamous epithelium, the cells replace their cytoplasm with a hard, water proof protein, keratin by the process called keratinization, forming layers of dead cells stratum corneum or horny layer.


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