Answer:

1. An amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a very uncommon childbirth (obstetric) emergency in which amniotic fluid enters the BLOOD stream of the mother to trigger a serious reaction. This reaction then results in cardiorespiratory (heart and lung) collapse and massive bleeding (coagulopathy).

2. Postpartum haemorrhage REFERS to vaginal bleeding up to 12 weeks following delivery. Prompt recognition and management is key to good outcomes. It should be remembered that earlier antepartum haemorrhage can reduce a patient’s physiological RESERVE and ability to compensate for bleeding in the postpartum period.

3. OXYTOCIN is a hormone that acts on organs in the body (including the breast and uterus) and as a CHEMICAL messenger in the brain, controlling key aspects of the reproductive system, including childbirth and lactation, and aspects of human behaviour.

4. Subinvolution is a medical condition in which after childbirth, the uterus does not return to its normal size.

5. An episiotomy is a cut (incision) through the area between your vaginal opening and your anus. This area is called the perineum. This procedure is done to make your vaginal opening larger for childbirth.