In addition to provide directions and reduce the risk of uncertainty,

1.	In addition to provide directions and reduce the risk of uncertainty, planning helps the managers in many other ways.' Explain any four such ways.
Answer» (a) Function of Management Planning: Characteristics of planning (i) Planning focuses on achieving objectives. (ii) Planning is a primary function of management (iii) Planning is pervasive (iv) Planning is continuous (v) Planning is futuristic (vi) Planning involves decision making. (vii) Planning is a mental exercise. (b) Any three limitations of planning: (i) Planning leads to rigidity (ii) Planning may not work in a dynamic environment (iii) Planning reduces creativity (iv) Planning involves huge cost (v) Planning is a time consuming process (vi) Planning does not guarantee success

In addition to provide directions and reduce the risk of uncertainty, planning helps the managers in many other ways.' Explain any four such ways.

Answer»

(a) Function of Management Planning:

Characteristics of planning

(i) Planning focuses on achieving objectives.

(ii) Planning is a primary function of management

(iii) Planning is pervasive

(iv) Planning is continuous

(v) Planning is futuristic

(vi) Planning involves decision making.

(vii) Planning is a mental exercise.

(b) Any three limitations of planning:

(i) Planning leads to rigidity

(ii) Planning may not work in a dynamic environment

(iii) Planning reduces creativity

(iv) Planning involves huge cost

(v) Planning is a time consuming process

(vi) Planning does not guarantee success