Explanation:

Anuria is non-passage of urine, in practice is defined as the passage of less than 100 ml of urine in a day.

Anuria is mostly caused by a failure in the function of kidneys, but it can also result from problems in the heart.

Some of the causes of anuria include:

• Diabetes: When a person’s blood sugar is consistently high, such as with uncontrolled diabetes, it can result in diabetic ketoacidosis, and damage to the small blood vessels in the kidneys. This can cause acute renal failure and poor or absent urine production.
• Kidney stones: These stones can cause blockages in the kidneys or ureters, the tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the urethra where it is passed out of the body. These blockages mean the urine is unable to exit the body.
• Kidney failure: Acute kidney failure occurs when the kidneys stop functioning and are unable to filter urine anymore.
• High blood pressure: Also known as hypertension, high blood pressure can damage the blood vessels in the kidneys over time. Without treatment, high blood pressure can lead to permanent kidney damage and anuria.
• Tumours: A growth on or near the kidney can cause a blockage and keep urine from passing out of the body.
• Heart failure: When a person has heart failure the heart cannot pump enough blood around the body. Processes in the body kick in if there is not enough fluid in the blood vessels. One of these is the kidneys ceasing to make urine to hold on to extra fluid.