1.

In the political scenario of 1939, important developments took place in India and abroad.In this context, answer the following questions: (a) Who was the founder of the ‘Forward Bloc’ ? Why was this organization formed ?(b) Why did Sir Stafford Cripps come to India ? Why was the Quit India Movement launched ?(c) Explain any four proposals made by Lord Mountbatten to settle the independence issue for India.

Answer»

(a) Subash Chandra Bose. 

This organisation was formed for the liberation of India with the support of peasants, workers, youths and all radical organisations. After attaining independence Forward Bloc would work for the establishment of a socialist society through: 

1. the state-planning for the reorganization of agriculture and industry on socialist lines. 

2. abolition of landlordism. 

3. establishment of a new monetary and credit system. 

(b) The Cripps Mission wanted to solve the political deadlock which had resulted due to British needing Indian support in Second World War and Indians denying it. Under following circumstances, Gandhiji launched the Quit India Movement to force the British out of the country. 

1. The Cripps mission failed to solve the constitutional problems of India. 

2. The British presence in India acted as a bait for the Japanese who were at war with Allied powers in Second World War. An immediate Japanese attack on British India could be prevented by an early and peaceful withdrawal of the British from India. 

3. Lastly the British rulers in India were fanning communal hatred between the Hindus and Muslims which resulted in riots and anarchy. 

(c) (i) The existing Constituent Assembly would continue to work, but the constitution framed by it would not apply to Pakistan. 

(ii) The British Parliament would pass an Act for the transfer of power before 15 Aug. 1947. 

(iii) The treaties with the Princely states would come to an end. 

(iv) The country would be divided into two Dominions i.e., India and Pakistan.



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