It is becauseof inability of ns^(2)electrons of the valence shell to participate inbonding that

It is becauseof inability of ns^(2)electrons of the valence shell to p

1.	It is becauseof inability of ns^(2)electrons of the valence shell to participate inbonding that
Answer» `Sn^(2+)` is oxidising while`Pb^(4+)` is REDUCING `Sn^(2+)` and `Pb^(2+)` are both oxidising and reducing `Sn^(4+)`is reducingwhile `Pb^(4+)` is oxidising `Sn^(2+)` is reducing while `Pb^(4+)` oxidising Solution :Since inert pair effect becomesmore PRONOUNCED down the GROUP,therefore +4 oxidationstable of Sn is more stable than its +2 oxidatationstate andhence `Sn^(2+)` loses two electronsand thus acts a reducing agent. `underset(" Less stable ")(Sn^(2+))rarr underset(" More stable ")(Sn^(4+)) + 2e^(-)` In contrast, +2 oxidationstate of Pb is more STABLETHAN its +4 oxidationstate,therefore `Pb^(4+)`acceptstwo electrons andthus actsas an oxidising agent. `underset(" Less stable ")(Pb^(4+)) + 2e^(-) rarr underset(" More stable ")(Pb^(2+))` Thus, option (d) is CORRECT.