answer :-

water is essential for sustaining all forms of life, food production, economic development and for general well being. Water resources consist of both surface water and groundwater resources. The main source of all the water resources is the precipitation in the form of snow and rainfall. The surface water available in the form of canal water is tapped by constructing dam and reservoirs ACROSS the river at suitable locations. At some places, surface water is also tapped by constructing small harvesting dams across the shore. The seepage from the surface canal NETWORK, deep percolation of rainwater, return flow from surface irrigation forms the part of groundwater resources. The surface and ground water resources of the country plays a major role in agriculture, hydropower generation, livestock production, industrial activities, forestry, fisheries, navigation, recreational activities, etc. In India, 70 % of the water resources are used for agriculture. Water resources of a country consist of both the surface water and the groundwater resources. The PER capita water availability in India is decreasing due to ever increasing population Agriculture utilizes nearly 70% and 80% of available water resources in India and Punjab respectively During the last few decades there has been a spectacular development in agriculture in India especially in Punjab due to Green Revolution, which enables Punjab to contribute LARGELY in Nation’s food grain production. The state has developed its water resources by laying irrigation canals. The groundwater resources are also being utilized indiscriminately. This causes water table DECLINE in certain parts of Punjab and water table rise in other parts along with water pollution. The paper discusses the problems related to water use in Punjab. It describes the various techniques to use the water judiciously such as canal water management, on-farm water management, conjunctive use of water, artificial recharge of groundwater etc.

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