1. A nerve impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another through junctions called synapses. 

2. A synapse is formed by the membranes of a pre-synaptic neuron and a postsynaptic neuron, which may or may not be separated by a gap called synaptic cleft. 

3. There are two types of synapses, namely, electrical synapses and chemical synapses. 

4. Electrical synapses:

The membranes of pre- and post-synaptic neurons are in very close proximity. Thus, electrical current can flow directly from one neuron into the other across these synapses. Impulse transmission across an electrical synapse is faster.

5. Chemical synapse: 

The membranes of the pre- and post-synaptic neurons are separated by a fluid- filled space called synaptic cleft. 6. Chemicals called neurotransmitters are involved in the transmission of impulses at these synapses. 

7. The axon terminals contain vesicles filled with these neurotransmitters. 

8. When an impulse arrives at the axon terminal, it stimulates the movement of the synaptic vesicles towards the membrane where they fuse with the plasma membrane and release their neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. 

9. The released neurotransmitters bind to their specific receptors, present on the post-synaptic membrane. 

10. This binding opens ion channels and allows the entry of ions which can generate a new potential in the postsynaptic neuron.