1.

Mention the general characteristics of equilibria involving physical processes.

Answer»

(a) For solid ⇌ liquid equilibrium, there is only one temperature at 1 atm at which two phases can co-exist. If there is no exchange of heat with the surroundings, the mass of the two phases remain constant. 

(b) For liquid ⇌ vapors equilibrium, the vapors pressure is constant at a given temperature. 

(c) For dissolution of solids in liquids, the solubility is constant at a given temperature. 

(d) For dissolution of gases in liquids, the concentration of a gas in liquid is proportional to pressure of the gas over the liquid.



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