1.

Mentioned the importance of C4 pathway.

Answer»

Most of the plants that are adapted to dry tropical regions have the C4​ pathway, hence known as C4​ plants. Sugarcane and Maize are examples of C4​ plants. C4​ plants have the special type of leaf anatomy called Kranz anatomy. 

Following are the importance of C4​ plants:

  1. They can tolerate saline conditions due to the abundant occurrence of organic acids (malic and oxaloacetic acid) in them which lowers their water potential than that of soil.

  2. They can perform photosynthesis even when their stomata are closed due to the presence of strong CO2​ fixing enzyme i.e., PEP case.

  3. The concentric arrangement of cells in leaf produces smaller area in relation to volume for better water utilization.



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