Microbial growth kinetics- Cell growth includes increase in its number. A typical bacterial growth curve is shown in the figure belowGrowth kinetics is an autocatalytic reaction which implies that the rate of growth is directly proportional to the concentration of cell.Doubling time which is the time taken by the population to double through one round of cell division is inversely related to specific growth rate. a. In the microbial growth curve depicted above (Diagram 1), in which phase is the microbial cell specific growth rate calculated (from phases AB/BC/CD/DE)? What is this phase called? b. Refer to Table 1 and calculate the generation time and specific growth rate constant of a bacterial population in which the number of bacteria increases from 104 cells /ml to 107 cells /ml during four hours of exponential growth.OR Management of DiabetesInsulin delivery is still the most effective method of pharmacotherapy in cases of extremely high hyperglycemia. The production process has been divided into several stages as depicted below in the flow chart:At each stage of insulin production, qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed to confirm identity and purity of the desired protein.a. In a fermentation medium depicted above, few workers processed clear broth for the production of desired protein, but were unable to get any yield. What could be the possible reason for this?b. How is the outcome of the process affected if the number of processing steps are reduced while obtaining pure protein from the fermentation medium?c. Which type (recombinant insulin or cattle derived insulin) will be produced in the above depicted flow chart? d. Name a metabolite which is produced using clear broth rather than cell mass. e. How is crude protein different from the desired protein?