Members of a family may have different health status from time to time. People acquire life style diseases due to various factors. Their diet has to be modified keeping in mind the diseases he/she is suffering from. The diet should able to meet the nutritional needs of a particular person suffering from an ailment.

Two life style diseases can be 

• Diabetes.
• Hypertension.

Diabetes It is a metabolic disorder caused by low or no secretion of insulin harmone which is secreted by the B-cells of langerhans of Pancreas in the body. By the deficiency of insulin, glucose is not-converted into glycogen leading to increased level of glucose in blood. This disease causes weakness and loss of weight of the body. 

Dietary management for diabeties are 

• The concerned person should be given a high protein diet as they require more of a protein than a normal person i.e. 1.00 to 1.5 gm protein /kg. Body weight should be taken. 
• Give low carbohydrates if less then 40% of carbohydrates are consumed for energy, the possibility of ketosis increases. The main source of carbohydrates should be starch.
• Low fat dairy products should be given. 75% of fats should be unsaturated fat, as excessive fat should leads to faltening of arteries.
• Low sodium and low calorie diet should be given to diabetics. The diet should be high in fibres.

Hyper Tension or High Blood Pressure Regular flow of blood from heart in the body due to diastolic and systolic pressure of heart. If there is any obstruction in the flow of the blood, then heart has to pump the blood with more force causing high blood pressure. This state is known as hypertension. As this disease may lead to other complications also, care is needed to select the diet of such patients.

Dietary Management for hypertension is

• Calories People suffering from hypertension should maintain their body weight to avoid workload on arteries. Therefore, their diet should be of less calorie value.
• Fats Due to hypertension, the flexibility of arteries is reduced because of deposition of cholesterol in them. Therefore, hypertension patients should avoid animal fats and saturated fatty acids. Intake of unsaturated fats should be restricted to 40 gms.
• Proteins Hypertension patients should also avoid protein rich diet such as — meat, fish, egg and milk because protein rich food contains more of sodium also. They should restrict the intake of protein upto 20 gms only.
• Minerals Calcium and Potassium are essential nutrients during hypertension to excrete excess amount of sodium from the body. Hypertension patients should consume barley, lobhia, bathu, mustard leaves and pumpkin as they do not contain any sodium.
• Induce a variety of fruits and vegetables in diet as they contain potassium and fibre. They have an opposite effect to sodiurn and prevent water retention, thereby reducing blood pressure.