1.

Nitrogen forms only NCl3 but phosphorus forms PCl3 and PCl5 both why ?

Answer»

There is no vacant d-orbital in the outermost orbit of Nitrogen. Thus nitrogen show valency only three. There are valent d-orbitals in the outer most orbit of phosphorus and hence it shows variable covalence 3 and 5 in ground state and excited state respectively. Hence nitrogen forms only NCl3 but phosphorus forms PCl3 and PCl5 both. 



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