Nitrogenhaspositive electrongainenthalpywhereas oxygenhas negative. Howeveroxygenhas lower ionisation enthalpythannitrogen . Explain.

Nitrogenhaspositive electrongainenthalpywhereas oxygenhas negative. Ho

1.	Nitrogenhaspositive electrongainenthalpywhereas oxygenhas negative. Howeveroxygenhas lower ionisation enthalpythannitrogen . Explain.
Answer» Solution :The outermostelectronicconfigurationof nitrogen`(2s^(1)2p_(x)^(1) 2p_(y)^(1) 2p_(z)^(1))` is quitesinceit hasexactlyhalf- filled2p - ORBITALS . Thereforeit has no tendencyto ACCEPT an extra electron. Inotherwords energyhasto besupplied to add anextraelectron.thuselectron gainenthalpyof N isslightlypositive. Incontrast, outermostelecronicconfigurationof O is `2s^(2)2p_(x)^(2) 2p_(y)^(1) 2p_(z)^(1)` . Ithas highestnuclearcharge ( + 8)than N(+7)andhenceit hasa hightendencyto acceptan extraelectron. In otherwordsenergyin releasedwhenanelectronis added to O and Henceelectrongain enthalpyof O ishighly negative.Further SINCEO hasfour afterlosingone electronthereforeionization enthalpyof O islowerthanthat of N.