1.

Perdisulphuric acid (H_2S_2O_8) or Marshall's acid can be prepared by the electrolytic oxidation of H_2SO_4. AT anode O_2 and H_2 are obtained as side products. After passing a current of 0.5 A for a certain time, the volume of H_2 and O_2 collected was found to be 10.08 and 2.24 L, respectively, at STP. What is the weight of H_2S_2O_8 produced during the same time? Also find the duration of electrolysis (in seconds) assuming 75% efficiency of electronysis. Give all the electronde reaction.

Answer»

Solution :(a). Ectrode reactions:
`{:(2H_2SO_4toH_2S_2O_8+2e^(-)),(2overset(ɵ)(O)Hto(1)/(2)O_2+H_2O+2e^(-)):}]` At anode
SINCE two reactions are occuring at anode and one reaction at cathode, number of equivalent of `H_2S_2O_8` `+` number of equivalent of `O_2=` number of equivalent of `H_2`.
LET the weight of `H_2S_2O_8` be x g
" Eq of "`H_2S_2O_8=(x)/((194)/(2))`
1 " mol of "`H_2=2Eq` of `H_2=22.4L` at STP
" Eq of "`H_2=(10.08)/((22.4)/(2))`
1 " mol of "`O_2=4 Eq` of `O_2=22.4L`
" Eq of "`H_2S_2O_8+ Eq` of `O_2=Eq` of `H_2`
`(x)/((194)/(2))+(2.24)/((22.4)/(4))=(10.08)/((22.4)/(2))`
`(x)/(97)+0.4=0.9becausex=48.5g`
Weight of `H_2S_2O_8=48.5g`
(b). At cathode, only one reaction takes PLACE, so the number of faradays for electrolysis can be calculated from cathode reaction.
`1Eq` of `H_2 gas =1F`
`(10.08)/(11.2)Eq=0.9F`
For `75%` efficiency,
Number of faradays delivered`=0.9xx(100)/(75)`
`=(90)/(75)xx96500` coloumb
`Ixxt=(90xx96500)/(75)`
`5xxt=(90xx06500)/(75)`
`t=23160s=6.43hr`


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