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Question : Bacteria genetically engineered to express a gene from a plant will

Answer»

synthesis a protein with the same sequence of amino acids as in the plant and, therefore, the protein will have the same structure and function as in the plant
Synthesis a protein with essentially the same sequence of amino acids as in the plant with differences relating to different codon Wobble rules between prokartotes nad eukaryotes
not be able to synthesis a protein due to the presence of exon splicing sequences in the DNA sequence from the plant
not be able to synthesise a protein because translation is coupled with transcription and posttranscriptional processing does not occur in it

Solution :When BACTERIA (a PROKARYOTE) is ENGINEERED to express from a plant (an eukaryote), a slightly different approach is used. EUKARYOTIC genes have both exons and introns which are transcribed into the primary transcript. Primary transcript is then processed by splicing (removal of introns and joining of exons), capping and tailing to produce functional mRNAs.
This functional mRNA is then expressed into proteins. Prokaryotes lack such machinery, hence expression of a eukaryotic DNA becomes difficult in prokaryotic cells. Therefore, scientists prepare CDNA from the functional mRNA (without introns) using reverse transcriptase. This DNA is incorporated into bacteria (or another prokaryotic cell) for expression of plant gene. such foreign gene synthesises a protein with the same sequence if amino acids as in the plant, and therefore the proteins have the same structure and function as in the plant.


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