Question : Describe different steps involved in tissue culture techniq

1.	Question : Describe different steps involved in tissue culture technique.
Answer» Solution :Steps involved in tissue culture TECHNIQUE : The VARIOUS steps that are involved in tissue culture are as follows : (1) Explant culture : Explants are removed from the selected plants. These are in the form of cell, tissue or some other parenchymatous plant matter. Meristem is the most suitable tissue as an explant. Explants are sterilized and grown on solid culture medium where they start cell division. (2) Callus formation and culture: Callus is unorganized mass of cells possessing thin wall parenchymatous cells. Explants proliferate and produce callus. All the cells of callus are identical as they are produced by mitosis. (3) Organogenesis: Plant hormones such as auxins and cytokinins are given to the growing cells. Formation of organs is thus induced in callus. Rhizogenesis (growth of roots) takes PLACE if auxins are provided in more quantity. Cauliogenesis (growth of shoot system) takes place if cytokinins are provided in large amount. (4) PREPARATION of suspension culture : For the preparation of suspension culture, callus is transferred to a liquid nutrient medium and is agitated. Cells of callus are separated due to agitation. Constant agitation at 100-250 rpm serves the purpose of aeration, mixing and prevention of aggregation. This suspension culture is subcultured every WEEK. Suspension cultures grow rapidly than the callus culture. They need to be subcultured every week.

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