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Question :Modern methodsofbreedinganimals and plantscanalleviatetheglobalfoodshortage '. Commenton thestatementand givesuitableexamples.

Answer»

Solution : Withever increasingpopulationof theworld, enhancementof food prouctionis amajor NECESSITY ,Modernbiologicalprinciples asappliedtoanimals husbandryandplant breedinghavea majorrolein oureffortsto increase food producationthesemoderntechniquesinclude embryo transfer technologyandtissuetechniques.
MultipleOvulationEmbryo Transfertechnoy (MOET) is aprogrammeforherd improvementin animalslikecattle , sheep , rabbits, buffaloes, MARES , etc.
High milk - yieldingbreeds offemalearebred withhighqualitymeat - yielding(meat with less lipid ) bullsto increase herd size. itensuresgood qualityof progeny,italsoeconomic andtimesavingprocess to obtaindesirableprogeny .
theprocedure forMOETis as follows
(i)A cowisadministeredhormones withFSH -likeactivityto inducefollicularmaturationandsuper- ovulation .
(ii)the COwproducess 6-8 eggsinstead of oneegg producednormally .
(iii)it iseither matedwithan elite bullorinseminationis CARRIED out .
(iv)Whenthefertilisedeggsattain 8-32cellsstage, they are non - surgicallyremovedandtransferred to asurrogatemother .
(v)THegeneticmothercan nownowbeaginsuperovulated .
Modern methodsin plantbreedinginvoles FOLLOWING
(i)Tissuecultureis anin vitrotechniqueofregenerationof awholeplantformanypart of aplant (explant) bygrowing it onculturemediumunderaseptic conditions .
(ii) Biofortitficationis themethoud fordeveloping crop withhigher levels ofvitaminsminerals,proteinsand healther fatsto improvepubichealth .
(iii)singlecellproteinis analternativeproteinsourceforanimal and humannutritionfromcertainbeneficialmicrooorganisms likespirulina .


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