Question : Name the law that states that the sum of allelic frequencies in a population remains constant. What are the five factors that influence these values '?

Question : Name the law that states that the sum of allelic frequencie

1.	Question : Name the law that states that the sum of allelic frequencies in a population remains constant. What are the five factors that influence these values '?
Answer» Solution :Hardy - Weinberg principle states that the sum of allelic FREQUENCIES in a population remains constant. Five factors are known to affect Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. These are gene migration or gene FLOW, genetic drift, mutation, genetic recombination and natural selection. (i) Gene migration or gene flow :When migration of a section of populations to another place occurs, gene frequencies change in the original as well as in the new population. New genes/alleles are added to the new population and these are lost from the old population. (ii) Genetic drift : It refers to the ELIMINATION of the genes of certain traits when a section of population migrates or DIES of natural calamity. (iii) Mutation : The sudden heritable change which is direction LESS in gene and alter the genetic makeup of an individual. (iv) Genetic recombination : It occurs during gamete formation when chromosomes pass from parent to offspring. (v) Natural selection : It is an phenomenon by which some numbers of the population having traits that enable them to grow and reproduce at higher rate are favoured.