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Question : What is 'glycolysis ? Describe various steps involved in glycolysis using schematic representation. |
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Answer» Solution :Glycolyis : It is the first MAJOR process in the mechanism of AEROBIC respiration. ltbgt (A)Glycolysis consists of 2 major phases. (B)Oxidative and pay off phase.  (A) Perparatory phase and cleavage : Initial phase of glycolysis in which GLUCOSE molecule is activated by phosphorylation and then cleaved into 2 molecules of triose phosphates . 3 - PGAL and DHAP. 1. Phosphorylation- I : ` " Gluscose " + ATP overset(" Hexokinase")underset(Hg^(2+))to " Glucose -6-Phosphate + ADP" ` Isomerisation ` " Glucose -6-Phosphate" overset(" Phospho-gluco")underset(" Isomerase")to underset(6-C) " Fructose-6-Phosphate"` 3. Phosphorylation -II : ` underset(6 -C) " Fructose -6- Phosphate + ATP" overset("Phosphofructokinase") underset( Mg^(2+))to underset(6 -C) " Fructose 1, 6- diphosphate +ADP" ` 4.Cleavage : ` underset(6-C) " Fructose -1,6-diphosphate" overset("Aldolase")tounderset(3-C) (3-PGAL) + underset(3-C) (DHAP)` 5. Isomerisation ` underset(3-C) (DHAP) overset("Phospho-triose") underset("Isomerase")to uderset(3-C) (3-PGAL)` (B) Oxidative and pay off phase : During this phase oxidation bt removal of hydrogen takes place and then there is ATP gerneration. 6. Oxidation and phosphorylation : ` underset(3-C) (PGAL) + H_(3)PO_(4) + NAD + overset("Phospho-glyceraldehyde") underset("Dehydrogenase")to 1,3-di, PGA-NADH_(2)` 7. ATP GENERATION - I : `overset(3-C)1,3 diPGA+ADP overset("Phospho- glycero")underset("Kinase")to underset(3-C) 3-PGA + ATP ` 8. Isomerisation : ` underset(3-C) (3-diPGA) overset(" Phospho-glycero-mutase")to underset(3-C) 2-PGA` 9. Dehydration ` underset(3-C) 2-PGA underset(Mg^(2+)) overset("Enolase") to unerset(3-C)(PEPA) + H_(2)O` 10. ATP Generation -II : `underset(3-C) + ADP + H_(2)O underset(" Pyruvate") overset("Kinase")to underset(3-C)"Pyruvate" + ATP` Overall Equation : ` underset(6-C) + 2NAD + 2ADP + 2 Pi overset("Enzymes") underset("Glycolysis")tounderset(3-C) (2-Pyruvate + 2NADH_(2) + 2ATP` |
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