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Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:There are seven schools of Yoga, differing from one another, and yet having a common objective. The system expounded by Patanjali in his ‘Yoga Sutras’ is that of Raja Yoga and includes much of the teaching of the other six. ‘Hatha Yoga’ consists largely of a system of bodily exercises calculated to stimulate the mental and spiritual faculties.‘Mantra Yoga’ is a ritualistic course of meditation on certain mystical syllables. ‘Bhakti Yoga’ emphasises devotion. The remaining schools do not command much importance. It may be worthwhile examining if the yoga method and the modern technique of Mental Hygiene have any common features.Yoga in the words of Patanjali”‘is attained by studying the fluctuations of the mind”. The student of yoga is necessarily one who is dissatisfied with his own adaptation to life and to the external world, for no other reason would induce a man to engage in such an exacting course. His search is not avowedly a search for God, but rather a striving for self-knowledge and internal mental balance.Patanjali says that if the student is of such a temperament that the idea of God appeals to him, that is to be encouraged, for the approach to equilibrium through devotion to God is thereby made the more rapid. If, on the other hand, the student is unable to accept the hypothesis of God, there are other paths of approach.Yoga, in other words, encourages but does not insist upon the devotional approach. Even though Mental Hygiene is intimately associated with Ethics and Religion, this study must confine itself to the psychological aspects of the subject.(i) On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it, using headings and sub-headings.(ii) Write a summary of the passage and suggest a suitable title.

Answer»

(i) Notes:
1.Important schools of yoga – expounded by Patanjali
1.1. Raja Yoga-teaching of other six
1.2. Hatha Yoga-body exercises to stimulate the mental and spiritual faculties
1.3. devotion
1.4. Bhakti Yoga ritualistic course of meditation

2. The objective of different yogas
2.1. common objective
2.2. self-knowledge
2.3. internal & mental balance

3. Yoga is attained
by studying the fluctuations of the mind.

4. Student of yoga
4.1. strives for self-knowledge & internal mental balance.

5. Yoga encourages devotional approach

(ii) Summary or Abstraction
There are seven schools of yoga. Some of the important schools of yoga are- Raja yoga, Hatha yoga, Mantra yoga, Bhakti yoga, etc. The object of all the yogas is common-that is to gain self-knowledge and internal mental balance. Yoga is attained by studying the fluctuations of the mind. Yoga encourages a devotional approach and stimulates mental and spiritual faculties.
Title – Yoga and Its Importance



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