Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow : (12 marks)Just seven species make up the known diversity of the world's sea turtles today, but theseevolutionary marvels are encountering a growing number of threats. The marine reptiles, all Olthem endangered, have persisted for millions of years, moving from the sea to land for nesting,and traversing the great tropical and sub-tropical ocean basins as part of their life cycles. Yet, asthe 30th Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation held recently in Goa hashighlighted, the modern human-dominated era poses grave challenges for their survival. Witheach passing year, nesting habitat is degraded or lost, feeding grounds are polluted, more turtlesdie in mechanised fisheries, and the threat of mindless port development looms large. Twoenvironmental crises in the past few weeks highlight the dangers. The large oil spill in the Gulf ofMexico has turned the major feeding grounds of the rare Kemp's Ridley turtle into a veritabledeath zone. In South Asia, which hosts five species, thousands of Olive Ridleys making theirannual journey to Orissa's Rushikulya rookery for nesting had to suffer the effects of a massive oilleak from a ship in the Ganjam port. If a healthy population of turtles must survive into the future,there is a need for a new conservation paradigm.2. The first-order priority is to identify and protect the nesting habitat of sea turtles on the Indiancoastline. This can be achieved through a full environmental audit of all port projects. theproposals discussed at the Goa symposium are accurate, no fewer than 331 ports are planned,and notifications have been issued for over 200. The scale of coastal development warrants anaggressive conservationist stance on the part of the Ministry of Environment and Forests. To itscredit, the MoEF has supported the International Sea Turtle Society in organising the global... for the finet time in the country. It must now strike a blow for protection by enforcing​