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Read the passage given below and answer the following questions: The Emergency and the period around it can be described as a period of constitutional crisis because it had its origin in the constitutional battle over the jurisdiction of the Parliament and the Judiciary…The emergency at once brought out both the weaknesses and strengths of Indian democracy. These critical years of emergency taught the most valuable and lasting lessons for the generations to come. (a) On what ground did Indira Gandhi impose National emergency in India? (b) Which two developments further added tensions between Judiciary and executive other than constitutional battle over the jurisdiction of the Parliament and judiciary? (c) State any two important lessons learnt from the emergency period in India. |
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Answer» (a) Indira Gandhi imposed national emergency on the ground of ‘internal disturbances’. (b) i) The controversial appointment of the Chief Justice of India further increased the tension between the two main organs. (ii) The verdict of Allahabad High court declared Indira Gandhi’s election of 1971 as invalid. (To be explained) (c) (i) It brought out some ambiguities regarding the emergency provision in the Indian constitution. Now internal emergency can be proclaimed only on the grounds of ‘armed rebellion ‘and it is necessary that the advice to the President to proclaim Emergency must be given in writing by the council of ministers. (ii) The emergency made every one more aware of the value of civil liberties. The Courts too, have taken up an active role in protecting the civil liberties of individuals. |
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