1.

Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow : Orangutans require less food than humans. When they eat, orangutans nibble mostly on ripe fruit, along with smaller portions of leaves and seeds. Even in captivity, this diet doesn't diminish an orangutan's get-up and go attitude. They wake up early, after a long night sleep. Then they spend the day socializing, exploring their indoor and outdoor enclosures. They also regularly engage in games with the researchers. These activities of the orangutans, taken together add up to the same level of exercise performed by humans in physically demanding agricultural lifestyles.In the wild, orangutans live in the rainforests of Borneo and Sumatra where food availability is highly variable and unpredictable. Like fresh fruit from the garden, the pickings are often feast or famine. But the trade-off is, that low energy means, less energy is available to do things like growing and reproducing. So orangutans grow slowly and reproduce slowly, which is evolutionarily risky because an orangutan might die before it passes on its genes. Human mothers can have a child every two to four years, but orangutans in the wild only reproduce every seven to eight years. Orangutans are among the most intelligent primates; they use a variety of sophisticated tools and construct elaborate sleeping nests each night from branches and foliage. These apes have been extensively studied for their learning abilities. There may even be distinctive cultures within populations. Both orangutan species are considered to be endangered, with the Sumatran orang-utan being critically endangered. Human activities have caused severe decline in the populations and ranges of both species. Threats to wild orangutan populations include poaching, habitat destruction and the illegal pet trade. Several conservation and rehabilitation organisations are dedicated to the survival of orangutans in the wild.We will lose much information about our closest relatives and our own evolutionary history if we let them get extinct.(a) According to Pontzer Orangutans mostly eat .........(b) It is seen that Orangutans and humans do almost the same ........(c) Orangutans grow and reproduce slowly as they ........... (d) We do not want the Orangutans to become extinct as .........(e) The word 'Unpredictable' means to be ......... (f) Orangutans are among ........... primates. (g) ...............are the critically endangered species. (h) There is a severe decline in the population of Orangutans because of ............... (i) Several conservation organisations are dedicated to ................

Answer»

(a) ripe fruit, leaves and seeds

(b) amount of physical activity 

(c) don't get sufficient food/ have less energy 

(d) they provide information about our evolution 

(e) not foreseen 

(f) the most intelligent

(g) Sumatran orangutans

(h) human activities

(i) survival of the orangutans in the wild.



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