GERMAN: [ˈalbɛʁt ˈʔaɪnʃtaɪn] (About this soundlisten); 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist[5] who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics).[3][6] His work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science.[7][8] He is best known to the general public for his mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2, which has been dubbed "the world's most famous equation".[9] He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect",[10] a pivotal step in the development of quantum theory.

Albert Einstein

Einstein 1921 by F Schmutzer - restoration.jpg

Einstein in 1921

Born

14 March 1879

Ulm, Kingdom of Württemberg, German Empire

Died

18 April 1955 (aged 76)

Princeton, New Jersey, UNITED States

Citizenship

Kingdom of Württemberg, part of the German Empire (1879–1896)[note 1]

Stateless (1896–1901)

Switzerland (1901–1955)

Austria, part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (1911–1912)

Kingdom of Prussia, part of the German Empire (1914–1918)[note 1]

Free State of Prussia (Germany, 1918–1933)

United States (1940–1955)

Education

Federal Polytechnic SCHOOL in Zurich (Federal teaching diploma, 1900)

University of Zurich (PhD, 1905)

Known for

General relativity

Special relativity

Photoelectric effect

E=mc2 (Mass–energy equivalence)

E=hf (Planck–Einstein relation)

Theory of Brownian motion

Einstein field equations

Bose–Einstein statistics

Bose–Einstein condensate

Gravitational wave

Cosmological constant

Unified field theory

EPR paradox

Ensemble interpretation

List of other concepts

Spouse(s)

Mileva Marić

(m. 1903; div. 1919)

Elsa Löwenthal

(m. 1919; died[1][2] 1936)

Children

"Lieserl" Einstein

HANS Albert Einstein

Eduard "Tete" Einstein

Awards

Barnard Medal (1920)

Nobel Prize in Physics (1921)

Matteucci Medal (1921)

ForMemRS (1921)[3]

Copley Medal (1925)[3]

Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1926)

Max Planck Medal (1929)

Member of the National Academy of Sciences (1942)

Time Person of the Century (1999)...