1.

Starting from the hydrocarbon butane, write the structures and IUPAC names of (i) Chloroderivative(ii) alcohol (iii) aldehyde (iv) carboxylic acid (v) amine (vi) ketone.

Answer» The molecular formula of butane is `C_(4)H_(10)` and its structural formula is `CH_(3)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(3)`.
(i) `underset("1-Chlorobutane")(overset(4)(C)H_(3)-overset(3)(C)H_(2)-overset(2)(C)H_(2)-overset(1)(C)H_(2)-Cl)`
(ii) `underset("Butane-1-ol")(overset(4)(C)H_(3)-overset(3)(C)H_(2)-overset(2)(C)H_(2)-overset(1)(C)H_(2)-OH)`
(iii) `underset("Butanal")(overset(4)(C)H_(3)-overset(3)(C)H_(2)-overset(2)(C)H_(2)-overset(1)(C)HO)`
(iv) `underset("Butanoic acid")(overset(4)(C)H_(3)-overset(3)(C)H_(2)-overset(2)(C)H_(2)-overset(O)overset(||)(.^(1)(C))-OH)`
(v) `underset("Butane-1-amine")(overset(4)(C)H_(3)-overset(3)(C)H_(2)-overset(2)(C)H_(2)-overset(1)(C)H_(2)-NH_(2))`
(vi) `underset("Butanone")(CH_(3)-overset(O)overset(||)(C)-CH_(2)-CH_(3))`


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