1.. Pteridophytes are the first true land plants.

2. They are seedless, vascular cryptogams.

. Life cycle is heterologous diplohaplontic type.

4. Sporophyte is the dominant plant body while gametophyte is a small, simple prothallus.

5. Sporophyte has true roots, stem and leaves.

6. In xylem, trachea (vessels) absent and, in phloem companion cells absent.

7. Spores develop in sporangia are homosporous or heterosporous.

8. Sporangia are produced in groups (sori) on sporophylls.

9. Young leaves of sporophyte show circinate vernation.

10. Gametophyte develops small sessile antheridia and partially embedded archegonia with 4- rowed neck.

11. Sex organs multi-cellular and jacketed.

2.They do not have an outer covering or shell around their seeds.

They do not produce flowers.

They do not produce fruits.

They are pollinated by the wind.

3.Their ability toflower setsthem apart from non-floweringplants, also known as gymnosperms, allowing them a successful means of reproduction. If you look closely into the flowers, you can see thetrademark characteristicsof angiosperms, including stamens, carpels, and tinypollen grains.