:1. Identification and Division of Work It involves identification and division

of total work to be done into specific activities (called jobs) in accordance
with previously determined plans. By dividing the work, the burden of work
can be shared among the employees. It facilitates specialization of work &
skills. Duplication of work can be avoided by dividing the work into
manageable activities.
2. Departmentalisation: The second step in organizing is to combine or
group similar or related jobs into larger units called departments, divisions
or sections. They can be grouped on the basis of functions, products,
customers and territories etc. Departmentalization is done to achieve
coordination & to facilitate unity of efforts.
3. Assignments of duties: Once departments have been formed each of
them is placed under the charge of an individual called departmental head
(e.g., production manager, finance manager etc.). Jobs are then allocated
to the members of each department according to their skills and
qualifications.

4. Establishing Reporting Relationships: Merely allocating work is not
enough. Each individual should also know from whom he has to take
orders and to whom he is accountable. It helps in coordination amongst
various departments.