Effluents and harmful gases are the main wastes, which are produced in a fertiliser factory. Suitable mechanism for waste management are:

• For control of gaseous pollutants combustion equipments are used which can be oxidised. The pollutants are exposed to a high temperature in the process. Air pollutants, such as certain gases and vapour and inflammable compounds are controlled through the use ’ of adsorption equipments. Adsorption is a surface phenomenon and it needs the presence of a large solid surface area. Toxic and odoriferous compounds are efficiently removed by this process.
•  Three options available for controlling the effluents are:
• Control can take place at the point of generation within the factory.
• Waste water can be pre-treated for discharge to municipal treatment systems.
•  Waste water can be treated completely at the factory and either reused or discharged directly for receiving water.

Hints— (a) Control air pollution
(b) The effluent should be treated before discharge into surrounding environment.