ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS

Substances can be divided into three types: ACID, Base and Salt.

Acids:-

Taste of acid is sour. There are many substances which contain acid and so taste sour. For example: lemon, curd, PICKLES, orange juice, vinegar, etc. Substances which taste sour are called acidic. The chemical nature of such SUBSTANCE is known as ACIDIC. The word acid comes from Latin ACERE which means sour.

Bases:-

Taste of base is bitter. Substances which contain base taste bitter. For example: soap or soap SOLUTION, baking soda, washing soda, etc. The chemical nature of substances that contain base is known as BASIC.

Indicators:-

A substance which detects the acidic or basic nature of another substance by change in colour is called acid-base indicator. It is not advisable to taste any substance in laboratory because it can be harmful. Hence, acid-base indicators are used to check if a given substance is acid or base.

Types of indicators:-

Indicators can be divided into two types.

Natural indicator:- Indicators that are obtained from NATURALLY occurring substance are called NATURAL INDICATORS.

Ex:- litmus, turmeric, China rose, etc.

Synthetic Indicator:- Indicators that are made in laboratory are called SYNTHETIC INDICATORS. Ex:- phenolphthalein, methyl orange, etc