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The formal charge on the carbon atom in the following structure underset(* *)overset(* *)O=C=underset(* *)overset(* *)O is ……………………. |
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Answer» Solution :Structure I of `CO_(2) - UNDERSET(* *)overset(* *)O=C + underset(* *) overset(* *)O` FORMAL charge on carbon `=N_(V)-[N_(l)+(N_(b))/(2)]=4-[0+(8)/(2)]=4-4=0` Formal charge on oxygen `= N_(v)-[N_(l)+(N_(b))/(2)]=6-[4+(4)/(2)]=6-6=0` Structure II of `CO_(2) - :O-=C-underset(* *)overset(* *)O:` Formal charge on carbon `= N _(v)-[N_(l)+(N_(b))/(2)]=4-[0++(8)/(2)]=4-4=0` Formal charge on singly bonded oxygen `= N_(v)-[N_(l)+(N_(b))/(2)]=6-[6+(2)/(2)]= 6-7=-1` Formal charge on triply bonded oxygen `=N_(v)-[N_(l)+(N_(b))/(2)]=6-[2+(6)/(2)]=6-5=+1` A structure in which all formal charges are zero is preferred over the one with non-zero charges. In CASE of `CO_(2)` structure, structure I is preferred over the structure II as it has zero formal charge for all the atoms. |
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