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The magnitude and scale of destruction during the Second World War created a great revulsion for war and a passionate yearning for peace.In this context, explain:(a) The signing of the Atlantic Charter(b) The basic rights or the four freedoms guaranteed by the charter(c) The San Francisco Conference and the establishment of the United Nations |
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Answer» (a) Winston Churchill, the prime minister of Great Britain, and Franklin D. Roosevelt, the president of the United States of America, met aboard a battleship off Newfoundland in the Atlantic Ocean. They signed a document called the Atlantic Charter on 14 August 1941. (b) It was agreed that when the war ended, humans must be guaranteed the basic rights or the four freedoms. The basic rights included: 1. freedom from want 2. freedom of speech 3. freedom of religious belief 4. freedom from fear (c) In June 1945, 50 nations met in San Francisco to sign the Atlantic Charter. Poland, which was not represented at the conference, signed it later and became one of the original 51 member states. On 24 October 1945, the United Nations was established to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war and to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights. 24 October is celebrated as United Nations Day. |
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