Answer» Correct Answer - Option 1 : compounding and affixes
Word formation is the meaningful arrangement of words in accordance with natural laws and universally accepted principles. - Language is systematically organized at the level of words also.
- There are fixed rules about how a singular would be converted into plural or a noun to adjective. Rules are so systematic that they clearly differentiate consonant ending words from vowel ending words and also words ending with different vowel sounds.
The process of word-formation consists of compounding, suffixing, affixing, and Prefixing. - Compounding:- Compounding is the process of creating compound words. Words that combine in this way in any language to form new words (with a meaning that is different from that of the two as separate words) are known as compound words. For example:- Everything, everybody, hailstorm, earthquake, etc. In each of these words, we recognize two distinct words each of which has a distinct meaning of its own. These two words are combined to form new words with a new and sometimes special meaning.
- Affixing:- Affixes are the root or base word that is added to form a meaning. Let us first look at some base forms of Hindi words and see how related words have been built up to increase the vocabulary of the language
- (ghar) (ghareloo) (gharana) (gharonda) house homely family nest
- (vyakti) (vyaktitv) (vyaktigat) person personality personal
- Notice that in 1st the second, third, and fourth words are related to the first word which means ‘house. Similarly, the second and third words in 2nd are related to the first (vyakti) which means ‘person’. In both cases, the first word is the base word and the other words in the sets are words that have been formed by adding or affixing an additional element to the base word.
Thus, it is concluded that The process of word-formation consists of compounding and affixes.
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