1. Francis Buchanan came to India in 1794. He was a physician. He served in the Bengal Medical Service by 1815. For few years he had been the surgeon to Lord Wellesly, the governor general of India. 

2. He undertook detailed surveys of the areas under the control of East India Company and became an employee of the East India Company. 

3. He was inspired by the love of nature. He had a keen desire to discover the unknown. He visited every where accompanied by draughtsmen, surveyors, planquin bearers and the coolies. 

4. On his part, Buchanan provided the company all the requisite information. He did his work to the satisfaction of the Company and he was considered as an agent of government. 

5. Buchanan was a keen observer of things. Regions where he went, he saw the stones and rocks. He observed and checked the different strata and layers of soil. He searched for minerals and invaluable stone. 

6. Buchanan registered the areas where iron ore, mica and granite were available. Further, he recorded the local practices of salt making and iron ore mining. 

7. Buchanan, the man of vision, always thought how the land could be made more fertile to give more production. According to him, crops should be cultivated in a particular soil. 

8. His priorities were always different from the local inhabitants. He always worked for the commercial concerns of the East India Company. Always he prepared strategies for the development. He did not like forest dwellers who were primitive and savage.