The correct answer is Albert Einstein.

• Relativity is a theorem, formulated by Albert Einstein, which states that space and time are relative and all the motion must be relative to a frame of reference.
  • It is a notion that states, laws of physics are the same everywhere. This theory is simple but hard to understand.
  • It states
    • There is no absolute reference frame, if the object or momentum is only in relation to other objects, then velocity can be measured.
    • The speed of light is constant irrespective of who measures it or how fast the person measuring it, is moving.
• Albert Einstein's Theory of Relativity encompasses two theories, namely special relativity theory and general relatively Theory.
  • Special Theory of Relativity:
    • Einstein first introduced this term in the year 1905. It is a theorem that deals with the structure of space-time. Einstein explained this theory based on two postulates.
    • The laws of physics are the same for all irrespective of the velocity of the observer.
    • The speed of light is always constant regardless of the motion of the light source or the motion of the observer.
  • General Theory of Relativity:
    • General relativity theory developed by Einstein in the year 1907-1915 states that being at rest in the gravitational field and accelerating is identical physically.
    • For example, an observer can see the ball the same way on the rocket and on Earth. This is due to the acceleration of the rocket, which is equal to 9.8 m/s². This theory relates to Newton's gravitational theory and special relativity.
    • Gravitational Time dilation: Gravity influences the passage of time. Clocks in the deeper gravitational wells run slower than in general gravitational levels.
    • Light rays will bend in the gravitational field.
    • The universe is expanding, and parts of it are moving away from Earth faster than the speed of light.

• Archimedes: Archimedes discovered the Archimedes principle that states that the upward buoyant force that is exerted on a body immersed in a fluid, whether fully or partially submerged, is equal to the weight of the fluid that the body displaces.
• Charles Darwin:  Darwins proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection. first formulated in Darwin's book "On the Origin of Species" in 1859, is the process by which organisms change over time as a result of changes in heritable physical or behavioral traits.
• Sir Isaac Newton:  Sir Isaac Newton was born on 25 December 1642 and is believed to be the greatest and most influential scientist who ever lived.
  • Newton was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and theologian who worked on many practical experiments and laid the foundation for the principles of classical mechanics.
  • It was in 1687 that his first edition of his Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (later translated in 1825 as The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy ) was published.