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Three pairs of compoundsare given below. Identify that compoundin each of the pairswhich hasgroup 13 elementin morestableoxidationstate. Given reasonfor your choice. State the nature ofbonding also. (i) TlCl_(3), TlCl, (ii) AlCl_(3), AlCl, (iii) InCl_(3), InCl |
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Answer» Solution :(i) Due to stronginert pair effect ,+1oxidation state of Tl is more stable than `+3`. Since compoundsin lower oxidation state are ionic but covalent in higher oxidationstate,therefore `TlCl_(3)` is less stable and covalentin nature but `TlCl` is more stableand is ionic in nature. (ii) Due toabsence ofd-orbitals, Al does not show inert pair effect, Therefore its most stable oxidationstate is +3. Thus, `AlCl_(3)`is much more stable than `AlCl`. Furtherin the solid or the vapour state, `AlCl_(3)` is covalent in nature but in aqueous solution , it IONIZES to FORM `Al^(3+) (AQ)` and `CL^(-) (aq)` ions. (iii) Due to inert pair effect, indium exists in both +1and +3oxidationstates out of which +3 oxidation state is more stable than +1 oxidationstate.In other WORDS,`InCl_(3)`is more stable than `InCl`. Being unstable, IClundergoesdisproportionation reaction. `3ICl (aq) rarr 2 In (s) + In^(3+) (aq) +3Cl^(-) (aq)` , |
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