1.

Two radio stations broadcast their programmes at the same amplitude A, and at slightly different frequenciesomega_(1) and omega_(2) respectively , whereomega_(2) - omega_(1) = 10^(3) Hz. A detector receives the signals from the two stations simultaneously . It can emit signals only of intensity ge 2 A^(2). (i). Find the time intervals between successive maxima of the intensity of the signal received by the detector . ii. Find the time for which the detector remains idle in each cycle of the intensity of the signal .

Answer»

Solution :i. Let the signal waves be given by
` y_(1) A sin 2 pi omega_(1) t,y_(2) = A sin 2pi omega_(2) t`.
The RESULTANT disturbance is given by
` y = y_(1) + y_(2) = A sin 2 pi omega_(1) t + A sin 2 pi omega_(2) t`
`= 2 A sin ( 2 pi ( omega_(1) + omega_(2)) t)/( 2) cos ( 2 pi ( omega_(2) - omega_(1))t)/(2)`
`= 2 A cos pi ( omega_(2) - omega_(1)) t sin 2 pi (( omega_(1) + omega_(2)) t)/(2)`
Let `omega_(1) = omega , omega_(2) = omega + Delta omega`
Therefore , ` omega_(1) + omega_(2) ~~ 2 omega`
` y = 2 A cos pi ( omega _(2) - omega_(1))t sin 2 pi omega t`
Thus , the resultant disturbance has amlitude ` 2A cos ( omega_(2) - omega_(1)) t`
For maxima : `cos pi ( omega_(2) - omega_(1))t = +- 1`
or ` pi ( omega_(2) - omega_(1)) t = r pi , r = 0 , 1,2 , 3`
` t = (r)/( omega_(2) - omega_(1)) = 0 , (1)/( omega_(2) - omega_(1)) , (2) /( omega_(2) - omega_(1) ,...`
CLEARLY time interval between successive maxima
` = (1)/( omega_(2) - omega_(1)) = (1)/( 10^(3)) = 10^(-3) s`
ii. The resultant intensity is given by
`I = A_(1) ^(2) + A_(2)^(2) + 2 A_(1) A_(2) cos delta`
when ` delta = 0 ` , intensity is maximum `I_(max) = 4 A^(2)`
When `Delta = pi//2, "intensity" I = 2 A^(2)`
When ` Delta = pi , "intensity" I_(min) = 0`
When `Delta = 3pi//2, "intensity" I = 2A^(2)`
When `Delta = 2pi , "intensity" I_(max) = 4 A^(2)`
The DETECTOR remaining idlefrom ` theta = pi//2 to 3 pi //2` or in each half cycle . Hence the required time
` t = (T)/(2) = (10^(-3))/(2) = 5 xx 10^(-4) s`


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