1.

Using Raoult's law, explain how the total vapour pressure over the solution is related to molefraction of components in the following solutions :(i) CHCl_3 (l) " and " CH_2Cl_2(l)(ii) NaCl (s) " and " H_2O (l)

Answer»

Solution : (i) For a binary solution having both components as volatile liquids, the total PRESSURE will be
`p = x_1p_1^0 + x_2p_2^0`
`= x_1p_1^0 + (1-x)p_2^0`
`= (p_1^0 - p_2^0) x_1 + p_2^0`
p=total vapour pressure
`p_1` = partial vapour pressure of COMPONENT 1 (SAY `CHCl_3`)
` P_2` = partial vapour pressure of component 2 (say `CH_2Cl_2`)
`x_2` = mole FRACTION of `CHCl_3`
(ii)For a solution containing non-volatile SOLUTE, the Raoult.s law is applicable only to vaporisable component (1) and total vapour pressure is written as
`p = x_1p_1^0`


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