1.

What are cationic, anionic and neutral complexes? Give one example of each.

Answer»

(1) Cationic sphere complexes : 

A positively charged coordination sphere or a coordination compound having a positively charged coordination sphere is called cationic sphere complex.

For example :

[Zn(NH3)4]2+ and [Co(NH3)5Cl] SO4 are cationic complexes. The latter has coordination sphere [Co(NH3)5Cl]2+, the anion SO42+ makes it electrically neutral.

(2) Anionic sphere complexes : 

A negatively charged coordination sphere or a coordination compound having negatively charged coordination sphere is called anionic sphere complex. 

For example, 

[Ni(CN)4]2+ and K3 [Fe(CN)6] have anionic coordination sphere; [Fe(CN)6]3- and three K+ ions make the latter electrically neutral.

(3) Neutral sphere complexes : 

A neutral coordination complex does not possess cationic or anionic sphere.

[Pt(NH3)2Cl2] or [Ni(CO)4] are neither cation nor anion but are neutral sphere complexes.


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