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InterviewSolution
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What are enzymes? Write a brief note on the mechanism of enzyme catalysis. |
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Answer» Solution :Enzymes are complex protein molecules with three dimensional structures. They catalyse the chemical reaction in living organism. They are often present in colloidal state and extremely specific in catalytic action. Each enzyme produced in a particular living cell can catalyse a particular reaction in the cell. Mechanism of enzyme catalysis: Mechanism of enzyme catalysed reaction is known as lock and key mechanism. (i) Enzymes are highly specific in their action. (ii) These specificity is due to the PRESSURE of active sites. The shape of active site of any given enzyme is like cavity such that only a specific substrate can fit into it. In the same way a key fit into lock. The specific binding needs to the FORMATION of an enzyme substrate complex which ACCOUNTS for high specificity of enzyme catalysed reactions. (iii) Once the proper orientation is attained the substrate molecules reacts to form the product in two steps. (iv) Since product molecule do not have any AFFINITY for the enzyme they leave the enzyme surface making room for fresh substrate.  Step : 1 Formation of enzyme - substrate complex `underset("(Enzyme)")(E) + underset("(Substrate)")(S) iff underset("(Complex)")(ES)` Step 2: Dissociation of enzyme-substratecomplexto form product `underset("(Complex)")(ES) iff underset("( Enzyme Product Association)")([EP]) to underset("Slow step reaction")( underset("(Enzyme)")(E) + underset("(Product)")(P))` The rateof the formation of product depends upon concentration of ES . |
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