Saved Bookmarks
| 1. |
What are second generation vaccines? |
|
Answer» DNA vaccines have come a long way resulting in a second generation of vast improvements bringing a surge of interest to the community. In both small and large animal models, second-generation DNA vaccines show that they assist cellular and humoral immune responses. Additionally, research suggests that newer DNA vaccines can more broadly activate CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTL) in larger animal models, compared with earlier DNA methods. Inefficient uptake of plasmids by cells has been resulting in low immunogenicity. However, second generation DNA vaccine research has focused on developing novel strategies to enhance transfection efficiency and improve other facets of the DNA platform. These efforts include optimization of the antigens encoded by the plasmids to increase antigen expression on a per cell basis, improved formulation, and inclusion of molecular adjuvants to enhance and direct immune responses. |
|