tized benefits included reductions in medical costs and mortality associated with diarrheal diseases, productive time saved from fewer diarrhoea cases and ACCESSING outside defecation options, and increase in the property value of having a toilet.

All are said that there is a wide RANGE of economic benefits associated with increased household toilet coverage and use, including health gains, reduced access time, improved environment cleanliness, increased property value, reduced water pollution, value of recycling energy and nutrients, personal dignity and social benefits (physical safety, privacy, comfort, status, prestige, aesthetics) and increased tourism.

The study said that the ANNUAL benefits of SANITATION under SBM-Gare US$ 727 plus US$ 294 one-off property value BENEFIT. “Majority (55%) of the annual benefits are health related (US$ 402). The aver-age medical cost per episode of diarrheal diseases at any type of health facility was US$ 63, which is saved when an episode is averted. The average duration of an illness episode was 1.8 days with an average 1.34 health facility visits," the study said.

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