Selenium is a very widely used reliable software testing tool across the world. Many IT companies are using Selenium to meet their FAST delivery schedules. Selenium is a super-duper hit tool in the software testing field. Selenium has its own advantages but still, there are some limitations which we should know.

Let us discuss Selenium limitations one by one -

• It only supports web applications and does not SUPPORT non-web based applications such as desktop applications or mobile applications.
• Being open-source, for technical issues need to rely on the selenium community forum which may not give you quick and reliable solutions.
• Some user-specific pages load different elements depending on the user, or sometimes elements appear depending on the previous ACTION taken, for example, list of cities in the DROPDOWN corresponding to the country selected in previous action loads when you select a country. Selenium may not identify elements on run time. We need to ads explicit waits in the script so the element loads properly and handle these type of scenarios.
• Some web elements properties changes on page load. Handling these dynamic elements is a bit tricky in selenium. To handle dynamic elements, use  XPath or CSS with functions like starts-with, contains, ends with, etc.
• Good hold on the programming language is essential for successful automation testing.
• To work with selenium you need to have programming skills. A high skill level is expected from Selenium automation engineer.
• No inbuilt reporting capability. You have to rely on plug-ins like JUnit and TestNG for test reports.
• Image testing is not supported in selenium. Selenium standard API interacts with browser and it difficult to test image-based applications.
• Test environment preparation in Selenium TAKES more time compared to other tools like UFT, RFT, Silk test, etc
• No test tool integration for Test Management. Neither Selenium supports test management nor it could be integrated with any test management tool.
• Selenium does not handle window based pop-ups. You need to use JavaScript Robot class a java based utility or third-party open-source tool AutoIt.
• There is a limitation on the automating of captcha in selenium. You need to use a third-party tool to automate captcha.