Thecentral governmentoversees finance, commerce, national defense, foreign affairs, and all laws 'necessary and proper'. Therolesof thecentral governmenthave also expanded over the years to include regulatory oversight and protection of the rights of citizens

the role of the centre and, the stales :-

(1) Role of the centre

(i) Existing provisions of the constitution should be exploited for the development of education and evolution of a national educational policy. Central leadership for the states is essential for a vast country like India.

(ii) Indian Educational service should be instituted, with a suitable method of recruitment of high quality teachers, administrators, planners and research workers. 5% IES officers may be posted in their own states.

(iii) The CAB and Ministry of Education should be strengthened.

(iv) NCERT should be developed as the principal technical agency for the improvement of school education with its numerous wings and departments.

(v) National staff of Educational Administrators should be estab­lished to provide in service education for senior officers in the Education Services, IES and Slate Education Service. Besides conducting short and long courses, it should have a research wing.

(2) Role of the State Government

(i) A statutory council of education should be created at the state level with the stale Minister for Education as the chairman.

(ii) A standing committee at the officers level including state level officers in charge of different sectors of education, should meet frequently.

(iii) The Education secretary, like Educational Advisor to the Government of India, should be an educationist rather than an administra­tive officer.

(iv) State Educational Service should have adequate number of class i and II posts. All D.E.O’s should be to IES, and secretaries of District School Board to SES, class I. The scales of pay of the departmental stall should be correlated with UGC scales of pay for university teacher.

(v) In service educational programmes for non-gazette staff on the administrative and Inspectional side should be organized.

(vi) Fewer officers should be at the high level, and a larger at a lower level with adequate scales of pay.

(vii) Every three or five years, periodical review of important administrative practices should be held.

(viii) Two-third of available resources should be devoted to school education and only one-third to higher education.

Central government Thecentral governmentoversees finance, commerce, national defense, foreign affairs, and all laws 'necessary and proper'. Therolesof thecentral governmenthave also expanded over the years to include regulatory oversight and protection of the rights of citizens.state governmentState Government:Role. Under the new design, theroleof thestate governmentis to promote thestateeconomy and to take operational control over mostgovernmentprograms for individuals, such as social programs and risk management.