During the first world war India was a vast and very important colony of England. India did not have direct relation with the first World War but England included India when it started. For India, this war was only for the support of England. From the declaration of the first World War in 1914 CE, a great change occurred in the political atmosphere of the country. In the contemporary period there were two groupsradicals and moderates in the political institution Congress of India. Both groups had different ideology regarding the policies of British government.

• When England’s prime minister described Germany’s defeat in the war as essential for the protection of democracy and sought help from India, the members of moderate group decided to help England mentally, physically and financially. 
• Gandhiji emerged as an ally of the British Government in Indian politics. They felt that the British were fighting to protect the higher principles in this World War. 
• Tilak and Annie Besant and revolutionaries assessed that the Britishers were currently seeking help from Indians only because of their need. After the war, they would continue their oppressive policies again. India’s good will not happen without any violent movement. 
• A large number of soldiers were recruited in India during World War-I. In addition to weapons, ammunitions and war materials, large quantities of wheat rice, tea, cotton, jute, rubber, coal, iron and steel were sent. India spent 10 crore pounds per year for this war and also spent 30 crore of pounds on its army.

The British government expressed the hope that Indians will be given more facilities after this war. But after the war, it was evident from the activities of the British that Tilak’s assessment was correct. The British tricked the Indians and contrary to expectations famine, epidemic, economic exploitation, press and other oppressive policies continued.