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What do you mean by Alkane ? Explain the formation of alkane from methane, substituting the hydrogens by -CH_(3) groups ? |
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Answer» Solution :* Alkanes are saturated open chain hydrcarbons containing carbon-carbon single bonds. * Methane is the first member of this family. Methane is a gas found in coal mines and marshy PLACES. If you replace one hydrogen atom of methane by carbon and JOIN the required NUMBER of hydrogens to satisfy the tetravalence of the other carbon atom, this hydrocarbon with molecular formula `C_(2)H_(6)` is known as ethane. Thus you can consider `C_(2)H_(6)` as derived from `CH_(4)` by REPLACING one hydrogen atom by `-CH_(3)` group. Go on constructing alkanes by doing this theoretical exercise i.e., replacing hydrogen atom by `-CH_(3)` group. `underset("Methane "(CH_(4)))(H-underset(H)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|)(C)-H) overset("Replace any H by "-CH_(3))rarr underset("Ethane "(C_(2)H_(6)))(H-underset(H)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|)(C)-underset(H)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|)(C)-H)` The next molecules will be `C_(3)H_(8), C_(4)H_(10)`...... `CH_(4)underset(+CH_(3))overset(-H)rarr H_(3)C-CH_(3) underset(+CH_(3))overset(-H)rarr CH_(3)-CH_(2)-CH_(3)`  `underset("ISOBUTANE")(H_(3)C-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)(CH)+ CH_(3))+H_(3)C-underset("n-butane")(CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(3))` |
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